1830 U.S. Census, Essex County, Virginia:
Printed page 121
Boughan, Henry H.
2 males age under 5
2 males age 5-10 [one of these is James H. Boughan]
1 male age 20-30
1 male age 40-50 [this could be Henry H. Boughan]
1 female age 5-10 [this could be Martha Ann Boughan]
1 female age 10-15
1 female age 30-40 [this would be Julia Wood Boughan]

1840 U.S. Census, Essex County, Virginia:
Page 8
Boughan, Henry H.
1 male age 10-15
2 males age 15-20 [one of these would be James H. Boughan]
1 male age 30-40
1 male age 40-50 [this would be Henry H. Boughan]
1 female age 40-50 [this would be Julia Wood Boughan]

On 31 March 1841, James H. Boughan witnessed a deed from Henry H. Boughan and Eliza his wife to James Durham. [Essex County, Virginia, Deed Book 47, pages 160–161.]

In the early 1840s in an undated petition (probably from about 1842), oratrix Catharine C. Micou widow of John H. Micou of Essex County complained that the said John H. Micou died in December 1835 having left a last will and testament. Provisions were made for educating the children, of which there were six—four daughters and two sons—most at that time infants of very tender years—Adeline G. in February 1841 intermarried with Albert Hill; Martha E. at about the same time intermarried with James H. Boughan; Olympia H; Susan C.; John H: who died in the fall of 1840; and Edgar Roy, all except Adeline yet infants. At the time of his death, John H. Micou owned a valuable farm in Essex County, Bathurst, previously conveyed by a deed of trust. The property was sold, but commanded a sum barely sufficient to accomplish the objects and purpose of the the deed of trust. John H. Micou also owned slaves, some of whom were with him at the time of his death, he having startedwith them on his way to the South, with the view of selling them, and had progressed to one of the western counties of the state, where he died. The slaves were sold, the proceeds paid to the executors. Your oratrix is going into debt with what little is left. That John H. Micou at the time of his death held a reversionary interest in the estate of the late Geo W. Lee deceased and interest in the estate of his father, the late Paul Micou, which at the death of his mother will amount to about $2,500. No date. [Essex County, Virginia, Box Chancery No. 49, item 49-B-4.]

On 26 April 1843, James H. Boughan and Martha E. his wife filed answer to a bill of complaint exhibited by Catharine C. Micou. [Essex County, Virginia, Box Chancery No. 49, item 49-B-11.]

On 26 April 1843, P. J. Derieux, sheriff of Essex assigned to defend James H. Boughan and Martha E. his wife, Olympia H. , Edgar Roy, and Susan C. Micou, infants, filed answer to a bill of complaint exhibited by Catharine C. Micou. [Essex County, Virginia, Box Chancery No. 49, item 49-B-10.]

In 1843, orators & oratrix James H. Boughan, Richard P. Banks and Martha A. Banks his wife who before her intermarriage was Martha A. Boughan, Edward R. Boughan, Theodore P. Boughan, the two last infants under twenty one years of age by Richard A. Boughan their next friend, complained that Henry H. Boughan departed this life about the      day of     1843 intestate leaving your complainants James H. Martha Edward R. Theodore and Richard A. Boughan his only offspring and heirs at Law, and a widow Eliza Boughan. That the said Henry H. Boughan being much embarassed in his circumstances and being anxious to secure & save harmless all who were securities for him and to provide for the payment of all his debts did on or about the 21st of April 1843 (together with his wife Eliza Boughan) execute a deed of trust conveying all his estate both real and personal to Muscoe Garett and Richard A. Boughan to secure all his securities and the payment of certain debts (listed in the bill). That Henry H. Boughan & wife were to remain in quiet and peaceable possession of the property conveyed by said deed until the 20th day of April 1844 at which time if the debts were not paid the trustees could procede either at their own discretion or at the request of any security or creditor to sell for cash the said property and discharge the debts. That it will take the greater part if not the whole of the property to pay off the debts and that to attempt to keep the property together will create great waste and loss and that to postpone the sale of the Land until next April (1844), a time at which farmers have all planted their crops and made their arrangements for the year, will cause a very great loss to creditors and the complainants. They request that the land be sold partly for cash & partly on a credit until the 1st day of April 1844. The trustees Muscoe Garnett and Richard A. Boughan have declined doing so alledging that they have no authority. [Essex County, Virginia, Box Chancery No. 40, item 40-E-1-21.]

A deed of 26 October 1846 mentions James H. Boughan and his wife Martha Ellen, daughter of John H. Micou whose mother was Mary, widow of Paul. [Essex County, Virginia, Deed Book 48, page 191.]

1850 U.S. Census, Essex County, Virginia
Dwelling 518, Family 578
Boughan, James H., 27, male, manager, born in Virginia
Boughan, Martha, 26, female, born in Virginia
Boughan, Hunter, 6, male, born in Virginia
Boughan, Hancock, 4, male, born in Virginia

In 1858, James H. Boughan was elected sexton of Mt. Zion Church, Dunbrooke, Essex County, Virginia, and was to receive $12 per year for his services. The next year his salary was raised to $20. {Planted 1774 by Mildred Bates, Missouri Baptist Press, Jefferson City, Missouri, 1974, page 186.]

1860 U.S. Census, Essex County, Virginia:
Dwelling 282, Family 277
Boughan, James H., 37, farmer, $2200 real estate, $1000 personal estate, born in Virginia
Boughan, M. E., 36, female, born in Virginia
Boughan, H. H., 17, male, born in Virginia, in school
Boughan, J. H., 13, male, born in Virginia, in school
Boughan, J. C., 10, male, born in Virginia, in school
Boughan, L. C., 8, male, born in Virginia
Boughan, Ada G., 4, female, born in Virginia
Conolly, John, 17, laborer, born in Virginia

Death from Essex County Death Records, 1862.
The month, May, is very faint.
Cause unknown.
Record is very faint, but mentions the Port Royal [] Co. (?), where apparently he was a laborer.
Martha Ellen Boughan is clearly mentioned as his wife.
It looks like he was born in Howard Grove, to parents Henry and Julia (the record is very faint).
I wrote down that he was 23 years old, which doesn’t make sense, but he was probably born in 1823 according to both the 1850 and 1860 censuses.

According to files at the National Archives, he died while in the Confederate Military. He was a private and died on 9 April, 1862 of disease, leaving a wife Martha E. Boughan and five children.